वैद्यकीय ज्ञानार्जन १

[10/16, 11:40 PM] ‪+91 86006 11004‬: *🤕 IMPORTANT SPLINTS 🤕*

*♻ Thomas Splint :-*
  _# FEMUR._

*♻ Dennis Brown Splint :-*
  _CTEV._ (Clubfoot or Congenital Talipes EquinoVarus).

*♻ Cock Up Splint :-*
  _RADIAL NERVE PALSY._

*♻ Knuckle Bender Splint :-*
  _ULNAR NERVE PALSY._

*♻ Aeroplane Splint :-*
  _BRACHIAL PLEXUS INJURY._

*♻ 63 Von Rosen Splint :-*
   _CDH /DDH_
Developmental Dysplasia Of Hip.

*♻ Minerva Cast :-*
  _CERVICAL SPINE DISEASE._

*♻ Turn Buckle Cast :-*
  _SCOLIOS._

*♻ Rissers Cast :-*
  _SCOLIOSIS._

*♻ Milwaukees Brace :-*
   _SCOLIOSIS._

*♻ BOSTON BRACE :-*
  _SCOLIOSIS._

*♻ Frog Leg Cast :-*
   _CDH /DDH_
Developmental Dysplasia Of Hip.

*♻ Cylinder Cast :-*
  _# PATELLA._

*♻ Hip Spica :-*
  _# FEMUR._

*♻ Hanging Cast :-*
  _# HUMERUS._

*♻ Tube Cast :-*
  _KNEE._
[10/16, 11:40 PM] ‪+91 86006 11004‬: *👀 Spots In Ophthalmology 👁*

*÷÷÷÷÷÷÷÷÷÷÷÷÷÷÷÷÷÷÷÷÷÷÷÷÷*

🙄 *Bitot's Spot*

  _White, Foamy area of Keratinising Squamous Metaplasia of Bulbar Conjunctiva, seen in Vitamin A Deficiency._

😳 *Brushfield Spot*

  _Whitish Grey spot in Peripheral Iris, seen in Down's Syndrome._

☺ *Elschnig Spot*

  _Yellow patches overlying area of Choroidal Infarction in Hypertension._

😯 *Fischer-Khunt Spot*

  _Senile Scleral Paque, area of Hyalinised Sclera Anterior Horizontal Rectus Muscle Insertion, seen in Old Age._

🤓 *Fuch's Spot*

  _Pigmented (RPE Hyperplasia) Macular Leisons in Pathological Myopia._

😍 *Roth Spots*

  _Haemorrhages with white centres, seen in SABE, Severe Anaemia, Collagen Vascular Disorders._

*👁 Dots In Ophthalmology 👀*

*°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°*

😦 *Gunn's Dot*

  _Light Reflectios from Internal Limiting Membrane around Disc and Macula._

🤗 *Horner-Trantras Dot*

  _Collections of Oosinophils at Limbus in Vernal Conjunctivitis._

😔 *Kayes' Dot*

  _Subepithelial Infiltrates seen in Corneal Graft Rejection._

☹ *Mittendorf's Dot*

  _Whitish spot at Posterior Lens Surface, Remnant of Hyaloid Artery._

*👀 Lines in Ophthalmology 👀*

*----------------------------------------*

🙂 *Arlt's Line*

  _Conjunctival Scar in Sulcus Subtarsalis._

😌 *Ehrlich-Turck Line*

  _Linear deposition of KPs in Ueitis._

😋 *Ferry's Line*

  _Corneal Epithelial Iron Line at the edge of Filtering Blebs._

😣 *Hudson-Stahil Line*

  _Horizonatl Corneal Epithelial Iron Line at the inferior one third of Cornea due to Aging._

😟 *Khodadoust Line*

  _Corneal Graft Endothelial Rejection Line composed of Inflammatory Cells._

😳 *Paton's Line*

  _Circumferential Retinal Folds due to Optic Nerve Oedema._

🤡 *Sampaoelesi Line*

  _Increased Pigmentation Anterior to Schwalbe's Line in Pseudoexfoliation Syndrome._

😎 *Scheie's Line*

  _Pigment on Lens Equator and Posterior Capsule in Pigment Dispersion Syndrome._

😦 *Schwalbe's Line*

  _Angle Structure Representing Peripheral Edge of Descemets Membrane._

😇 *Stockers Line*

  _Corneal Epithelial Iron Line at the edge of Pterygium._

😁 *White Lines Of Vogt*

  _Sheathed or Sclerosed Vessels seen in Lattice Degeneration._

*👨🏻‍⚕iFTHi🚘*
[10/16, 11:40 PM] ‪+91 86006 11004‬: 🐻✔✔✔✔✔🐻

_🐻 Asphyxia by forcing cloth in mouth :_
   *GAGGING*

_🐻 Asphyxia by closing external air passages :_
   *SMOTHERING*

_🐻 Asphyxia by obstruction of internal air passages :_
   *CHOKING*

_🐻 Neck constricted between 2 bamboo sticks :_
   *BANDSOLA*

_🐻 Neck constricted with ligature :_
   *LIGATURE STRANGULATION*

_🐻 Neck constricted with hand :_
   *THROTTLING / MANUAL STRANGULATION*

_🐻 Victim attacked frm behind :_
   *GARROTING*.

_🐻 Homicidal hanging :_
   *LYNCHING*

_🐻 Strangulation caused by holding neck of victim in the bend of elbow :_
   *MUGGING*

_🐻  Homicidal Smothering + Traumatic Asphyxia :_
   *BURKING*

🐻✔✔✔✔✔✔🐻
[10/16, 11:40 PM] ‪+91 86006 11004‬: *👨🏻 General Practice Tips 👩🏻‍⚕*

💊💉💊💉💊💉💊💉💊💉

🔴 *Problem : _A ticklish, giggly patient won't let u examine his belly._*

🔵 *Solution : _Give a broad smile, ask the patient to place his hand on abdomen, place ur fingers in between patient's fingers and then examine._*

🔴 *Problem : _Cannot hear Kortokoff's sounds through ur stethoscope !._*

🔵 *Trick : _Rise the pressure in the BP instrument Cuff above 200mmHg, ask patient to alternately open and close the first for 5 to 6 times. Now the sounds ll be distinctly audible._*

🔴 *Problem : _Interactable continuous cough ?_*

🔵 *Try this : _Mix 1ml of Lignocaine with 1ml of Salbutamol respiratory solution and nebulise._*

🔴 *Confused : _Migraine or Sinusitis ?_*

🔵 *Trick : _Give a supra orbital nerve block and wait for 5 minutes. The head ache due to sinusitis ll disappear temporarily, as the nerve supply to the frontal sinus is blocked, while the vascular head ache n migraine ll persist._*

🔴 *Problem : _Easing eye drops in children._*

🔵 *Trick : _Instill a drop at the inner canthus of closed eye. The child ll open the eye and the medicine ll then spread smoothly._*

🔴 *Struggle : _Examining child's throat !_*

🔵 *Solution :  _Keep the tongue depressor away and ask the child to put out his tongue and pant like a dog._*

🔴 *Dilemma : _Grand old man,  Hard of hearing._*

🔵 *Trick : _Just place the ear piece of ur stethoscope in the patient's ear and speak into the diaphragm._*

🔴 *Panicky : _A neurotic patient is in panick n hyperventilating. She might faint cos of consequent low levels of CO2 in the blood._*

🔵 *Solution : _Ask the patient to breathe in and breath out of a plastic bag._*

🔴 *Adamant Child : _To auscultatate a Child refuses to take deep breaths._*

🔵 *Solution : _Ask him to blow hard on the hand kerchief held in front of his mouth. Auscultatate during and after the blowing act for clear n loud expiratory n inspiratory sounds._*

🔴 *Afraid : _Using the tip of needle to remove the foreign body in cornea._*

🔵 *Safer Option : _Take 20 no. Intracath, draw out the stilett n use its plastic tip to remove the body, this ll not harm the cornea._*

🔴 *Safe : _To remove foreign body from nose in a child._*

🔵 *Non invasive : _Instill nasivion nasal drops in the nostril which contains foreign body. Occluded the other nostril with ur finger, then at the kid to exhale through his nose forcefully, the foreign body ll ve pushed out by the blow of air._*

🔴 *Yes or No : _In case of small cut injury, to suture or not to suture !?._*

🔵 *Don't Suture : _Approximate the edges with ur fingers, apply Fevistick and bandage the wound firmly._*

🔴 *Refusal : _A scalp injury patient bleeding profusely refusing stitches to stop bleeding._*

🔵 *Simple : _Take a bunch of hairs on either side of the wound n tie them across the wound n refer to higher center._*

🔴 *Bleed : _Stopping a posterior nasal bleed. When the anterior nasal pack fails to control the bleeding, a posterior nasal pack is necessary, which requires GA in a hospital._*

🔵 *Try this : _Insert a Foley's catheter lubricated with Lignocaine through the bleeding nostril and inflate the balloon with water. The pressure ll stop the bleeding._*

*👨🏻‍⚕iFTHi🚘*

💉💊💉💊💉💊💉💊💉💊
[10/16, 11:40 PM] ‪+91 86006 11004‬: *💞 Important Points To Remember In _Acute Coronary Syndrome : 💘_*

1.
*Chest Pain At Rest,*
⏬
*_ST Elevation,_*
⏬
_Cardiac Enzymes Normal._
⏸
*Prinzmetal Angina.*
🔻
_Treat with Nitrates and Calcium Channel Blockers._
⚠
_Remember,  here Beta Blockers Contraindicated._

2.
*Chest Pain On Exertion,*
⏬
*_Relieved By Nitroglycerin,_*
⏬
_Usually Lasts A Short Time (5 Minutes Or Less)._
⏸
*Stable Angina.*

3.
*Chest Pain At Rest,*
⏬
*_ST Elevation,_*
⏬
_Cardiac Enzymes Elevated._
⏸
*STEMI.*

4.
*Chest Pain At Rest,*
⏬
*_No ST Elevation,_*
⏬
_Cardiac Enzymes Elevated._
⏸
*NSTEMI*

5.
*Chest Pain At Rest,*
⏬
*_No ST Elevation,_*
⏬
_Cardiac Enzymes Normal._
⏸
*Unstable Angina.*

✅  ✅  ✅
Unstable Angina,
NSTEMI,
STEMI.
🔽
*Aspirin,*
*P2Y12 Antagonists,*
*Nitrates.*
_(Given in all 3),_
After stabilised,
*ACEI,*
*Beta Blockers.*

✅
NSTEMI
🔽
*Need 30 mg i/v Enoxaprin or Heparin to prevent re stenosis.*

✅
STEMI.
🔽
*Reperfusion / Angioplasty.*

✅ ✅ ✅ ✅ ✅

Acute Management Of MI :
🔽
*MONA*
_(Morphine, Oxygen, Nitrates, Aspirin)._

👌🏻 👌🏻 👌🏻 👌🏻 👌🏻

👍🏻 *REMEMBER.*
🔽
⚠ Do Not Give,
*NITROGLYCERIN* In *_Inferior Wall MI With RV Infarction and or Hypotension_* ;
but
✔ *Give i/v fluids if patient is Hypotensive.*

👌🏻 👌🏻 👌🏻 👌🏻 👌🏻

👌🏻 *REMEMBER.*
🔽
✔ *DOOR-To-First ECG- Time :*
⏬
_Goal <10 Minutes._

👍🏻 👍🏻 👍🏻 👍🏻 👍🏻

👌🏻 *REMEMBER.*
🔽
*Door-To-Needle- Time :*
⏬
_Within 30 minutes (i.e time for Thrombolysis)._

👌🏻 👌🏻 👌🏻 👌🏻 👌🏻

👍🏻 *REMEMBER.*
🔽
*Door-To-Balloon-Time :*
⏬
_Within 90 minutes. (i.e time for PCI)._

👍🏻 👍🏻 👍🏻 👍🏻 👍🏻

👌🏻 *REMEMBER.*
🔽
*Most Common Cause Of Death After MI*
⏬
_Arrhythmias._

👌🏻 👌🏻 👌🏻 👌🏻 👌🏻

👍🏻 *REMEMBER.*
🔽
*New Murmur After MI With Lung Congestion.*
⏬
_MR Due To Rupture Or Dysfunction Of Papillary Muscle._

👍🏻 👍🏻 👍🏻 👍🏻 👍🏻

👌🏻 *REMEMBER.*
🔽
*New Murmur After MI With Step Up Oxygen Saturation On Right Ventricle.*
⏬
_Ventricular Septal Rupture._

👌🏻 👌🏻 👌🏻 👌🏻 👌🏻

👍🏻 *REMEMBER.*
🔽
*Pulseless Electrical Activity After MI With Raised JVP And Muffled Heart Sound.*
⏬
_Anterior Wall Rupture._
(Cardiac Temponade).

_👨🏻‍⚕iFTHi🚘_
[10/17, 6:22 AM] ‪+91 98223 17755‬: 🌹🌹🌹🌹🌹🌹🌹🌹🌹🌹

May your Waist Hip ratio remains below 0.85.  May your BMI remains less than 25. May your HbA1c never rise despite the sweets. May your Arteries remain nice and compliant. May we all continue to have the mood to walk or exercise all year. May our TSH remain less than 4. May our creaky bones be happy. May we get enough sun to Keep Vit D 25 level around 40. May your BP never rise above 120 /80. May your LDL never rise above 70 and HDL always remain above 50.

Happy Dipawali and Happy New Year  from the the Depth of my Right & Left Ventricles Wrapped with the Ribbons of Purkinje Fibers and Sealed in Pericardial.

Decorated with SA and AV Nodes with a Glitter Topping of Pericardial Fluid and Cusps of Mitral and Tricuspid Valves.

HAPPY DIPAWALI AND HAPPY NEW YEAR TO YOU !!

🙏🙏🙏🙏🙏🙏
[10/17, 8:26 AM] ‪+91 86006 11004‬: #Angina pectoris and its Unani Medicine Managment
Angina, also known as angina pectoris, is chest pain or pressure, usually due to not enough blood flow to the heart muscle.

Angina is usually due to obstruction or spasm of the coronary arteries. Other causes include anemia, abnormal heart rhythms, and heart failure. The main mechanism of coronary artery obstruction is an atherosclerosis. The term derives from the Latin angere ("to strangle") and pectus ("chest"), and can therefore be translated as "a strangling feeling in the chest".

There is a weak relationship between severity of pain and degree of oxygen deprivation in the heart muscle (i.e., there can be severe pain with little or no risk of a myocardial infarction (heart attack) and a heart attack can occur without pain). In some cases, angina can be quite severe, and in the early 20th century this was a known sign of impending death. However, given current medical therapies, the outlook has improved substantially. People with an average age of 62 years, who have moderate to severe degrees of angina (grading by classes II, III, and IV) have a 5-year survival rate of approximately 92%.

Worsening angina attacks, sudden-onset angina at rest, and angina lasting more than 15 minutes are symptoms of unstable angina (usually grouped with similar conditions as the acute coronary syndrome). As these may precede a heart attack, they require urgent medical attention and are, in general, treated in similar fashion to myocardial infarction.

#When does angina pectoris occur?
Angina often occurs when the heart muscle itself needs more blood than it is getting, for example, during times of physical activity or strong emotions. Severely narrowed arteries may allow enough blood to reach the heart when the demand for oxygen is low, such as when you're sitting. But, with physical exertion—like walking up a hill or climbing stairs—the heart works harder and needs more oxygen.

#Symptoms of Stable Angina - The pain or discomfort:

Occurs when the heart must work harder, usually during physical exertion
Doesn't come as a surprise, and episodes of pain tend to be alike
Usually lasts a short time (5 minutes or less)
Is relieved by rest or medicine
May feel like gas or indigestion
May feel like chest pain that spreads to the arms, back, or other areas.                                  Use Unani Medicines For All Your Cardiac Disorders.Contact Your Unani physician Dr Mastaan M.D.(Unani)